Tag: GrahamFD

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Economics Programs Economists Harvard

Harvard. Application for PhD candidacy. Frank D. Graham, 1917

Frank Dunstone Graham (1890-1949) taught at Princeton from 1921 up to his premature death in 1949. The portrait above however comes from the Dartmouth yearbook for the class of 1922. Graham was briefly an assistant professor of economics there for the 1920-21 academic year. Previous to that, from 1917-19 while working on his Harvard Ph.D. he worked as an instructor in economics at Rutgers.

Graham’s records in the files of the Division of History, Government, and Economics of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard have been transcribed for this post. From his transcript we now know exactly which courses he attended as a graduate student at Harvard (and his grades) and from his application to candidacy to the Ph.D. we learn a little bit about his undergraduate preparation at Dalhousie University.

_______________________

AER obituary for Frank D. Graham

In Memoriam: Frank Dunstone Graham 1890-1949, American Economic Review,Vol. 40, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Sixty-second Annual Meeting of the American Economic Asociation (May, 1950), pp. 585-587.

_______________________

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
DIVISION OF HISTORY, GOVERNMENT, AND ECONOMICS

Application for Candidacy for the Degree of Ph.D.

[Note: Boldface used to indicate printed text of the application; italics used to indicate the handwritten entries]

I. Full Name, with date and place of birth.

Frank Dunstone Graham. Dec 31st 1889, Halifax, N.S.

II. Academic Career: (Mention, with dates inclusive, colleges or other higher institutions of learning attended; and teaching positions held.)

Dalhousie University 1906-07: 1910-13
Dalhousie Law School 1913-15
Harvard University 1915-17
Tutor in Classics Dalhousie University 1913-14
Assistant in Political Science Rutgers Univ. 1917-18

III. Degrees already attained. (Mention institutions and dates.)

A.B. Dalhousie Univ. (Halifax N.S.) 1913
LL.B. Ibid 1915

IV. General Preparation. (Indicate briefly the range and character of your undergraduate studies in History, Economics, Government, and in such other fields as Ancient and Modern Languages, Philosophy, etc.)

Two courses in English History.
Elementary Economics. Additional Economics for the degree with distinction. Work covered included Gide’s Principles, Hobson’s Evolution of Modern Capitalism and parts of J. S. Mill and Nicholoson’s on Taxation.
No Government studied in undergraduate work but in my Law course was included. Consitutional and International Law and Consitutional History.
Ancient Languages included 4 years work in Latin and 3 in Greek
Modern Languages I did not study until I came to my graduate work. In Philosophy I took two undergraduate courses one of them devoted to psychology.

V. Department of Study. (Do you propose to offer yourself for the Ph.D., “History,” in “Economics,” or in “Political Science”?)

Economics

VI. Choice of Subjects for the General Examination. (State briefly the nature of your preparation in each subject, as by Harvard courses, courses taken elsewhere, private reading, teaching the subject, etc., etc.)

  1. Economic Theory. Econ 7 and Econ 11 at Harvard. Private reading on the history of economic theory.
  2. Economic History. Econ. 2a and 2b at Harvard. Work read for degree of AB with distinction in Economics, Dalhousie Univ. including English Economic History.
  3. Public Finance. Econ 31. Harvard.
    Course in Economics at Dalhousie included Nicholson’s treatment of Taxation
  4. Sociology. Econ 8, 18a, 18b at Harvard. A considerable amount of private reading
  5. Political Theory. Gov. 6a, 6b Harvard. Degree of LL.B. covers an allied field
  6. International Trade and Tariffs. Econ 33, Econ 20a at Harvard

VII. Special Subject for the special examination.

International Trade and Tariffs

VIII. Thesis Subject. (State the subject and mention the instructor who knows most about your work upon it.)

International Trade of the United States in the Greenback Period

IX. Examinations. (Indicate any preferences as to the time of the general and special examinations.)

For general exams. The beginning of the session 1917-18.
For special exam same time toward the close of the session 1917-18.

X. Remarks

[Left blank]

Signature of a member of the Division certifying approval of the above outline of subjects.

[signed] Charles J. Bullock

*   *   *   [Last page of application] *   *   *

[Not to be filled out by the applicant]

Name: F. D. Graham

Approved: May 25, 1917

Ability to use French certified by C. J. Bullock. 20 May 1917.

Ability to use German certified by  C. J. Bullock. 31 May 1918. [D.N.]

Date of general examination June 3, 1918. Passed [D.N.]

Thesis received December 26, 1919.

Read by Professors Taussig, Persons, Day.

Approved January 22, 1920.

Date of special examination February 4, 1920. Passed. [D.T.]

Recommended for the Doctorate January 21, 1920.

Degree conferred  [left blank]

Remarks.  [left blank]

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Record of FRANK DUNSTONE GRAHAM in the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences

1915-16
Economics 7a1 [half course]
[Economic Theory. Prof. Taussig]		 A
Economics 81 [half course]
[Principles of Sociology, Prof. Carver]		 A
Economics 18a2 [half course]
[Analytical Sociology, Asst. Prof. Anderson]		 B+
Economics 332 [half course]
[International Trade and Tariff Problems. Prof. Taussig]		 B
French A abs.
Government 6a1 [half course]
[History of Political Theories. Asst. Prof. Holcombe]		 A
Government 6b2 [half course]
[Political Theories of Modern Times. Asst. Prof. Holcombe]		 A
Government 20a
[Selected Topics in Municipal Government. Prof. Munro]		 B
1916-17
Economics 2a1 [half course]
[European Industry and Commerce in the Nineteenth Century. Prof. Gay]		 no return
Economics 2b2 [half course]
[Economic History of the United States. Prof. Gay]		 B
Economics 11
[Economic Theory. Asst. Prof. Day]		 B+
Economics 18b2 [half course]
[Historical Sociology. Asst. Prof. Anderson]		 B
Economics 20a [half course]
[Research course: Economic Theory, also International Trade and Tariff Problems. Prof. Taussig]		 B
Economics 31
[Public Finance. Prof. Bullock]		 B+
German A C
Social Ethics 151 [half course]
[Recent Theories of Social Reform. Asst. Prof. Foerster]		 A

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Certification of reading knowledge
of French

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Department of Economics

F. W. Taussig
T. N. Carver
W. Z. Ripley
C. J. Bullock
E. F. Gay
W. M. Cole
O. M. W. Sprague
E. E. Day
B. M. Anderson, Jr.

Cambridge, Massachusetts
May 28, 1917.

Dear Haskins:

This is to certify that I have examined Mr. Graham and found that he has a suitable reading knowledge of French. I understand that he needs this certificate in connection with his candidacy for the master’s degree, but it may cover the French part of the language requirement if he later comes up for the doctor’s degree.

Sincerely yours,
[signed]
Charles J. Bullock

Dean C. H. Haskins

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Postponing General Examination Date

Camp Aloha Summer School
Lake Asquam
Ashland, N.H.

Sept 10th 1917

Mr. Geo. M. Robinson
Harvard University,
Cambridge, Mass.

Dear Mr. Robinson

After conferring with Professor Bullock and on his advice, I have decided to postpone the date for my General examinations until the Spring rather than this Fall as I requested in my application for the exams for the Ph.D. degree. Will you be so good as to make the necessary alterations?

Sincerely yours,
[Signed]
Frank D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Ph.D. study plan approved
[Carbon copy]

29 May 1917

Dear Mr. Graham:

At its meeting on Friday, May 25, the Division of History, Government, and Economics voted to approve your plan of study for the Ph.D. in Economics.

Very truly yours,
[unsigned]

Mr. F. D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Postponing General Examination Date

Camp Aloha Summer School
Lake Asquam
Ashland, N.H.

Sept 10th 1917

Mr. Geo. M. Robinson
Harvard University,
Cambridge, Mass.

Dear Mr. Robinson

After conferring with Professor Bullock and on his advice, I have decided to postpone the date for my General examinations until the Spring rather than this Fall as I requested in my application for the exams for the Ph.D. degree. Will you be so good as to make the necessary alterations?

Sincerely yours,
[Signed]
Frank D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Scheduling General Examination
[Carbon copy]

7 February 1918

My dear Mr. Graham:

Mr. Robinson has shown me your letter of January 28. It is not easy to arrange examinations for the first of June, as professors’ engagements are very uncertain after the beginning of the final examination period. I would suggest that you arrange to get away some day in May and come up for the examination, say on a Saturday. I should be glad to arrange any such day at your convenience. If that does not work out, let me know and I will see what we can do early in June.

Sincerely yours,
[unsigned]

Mr. F. D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Certification of reading knowledge
of French and German for Ph.D.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Department of Economics

F. W. Taussig
T. N. Carver
W. Z. Ripley
C. J. Bullock
E. F. Gay
W. M. Cole
O. M. W. Sprague
E. E. Day
B. M. Anderson, Jr.
J. S. Davis
H. H. Burbank

Cambridge, Massachusetts
May 31, 1918.

My dear Haskins:

This is to certify that Mr. F. D. Graham has today passed the examination in French and German required for candidates for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

Sincerely yours,
[signed]
Charles J. Bullock

Dean C. H. Haskins

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

General examination passed

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Department of Economics

F. W. Taussig
T. N. Carver
W. Z. Ripley
C. J. Bullock
E. F. Gay
W. M. Cole
O. M. W. Sprague
E. E. Day
B. M. Anderson, Jr.
J. S. Davis
H. H. Burbank

Cambridge, Massachusetts
June 4, 1918.

My dear Haskins:

Yesterday afternoon Mr. F. D. Graham passed his general examination for the doctor’s degree. Mr. Graham’s examination was not brilliant in any way, but it was distinctly better than the average general examination.

Very truly yours,
[signed]
Charles J. Bullock

Dean C. H. Haskins

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Expecting Christmas time 1919 for thesis submission

Alumni House,
New Brunswick N.J.
Dec. 13th 1919

Dear Miss Taylor

Your letter of yesterday is under my hand. The preliminary draft of my thesis lay for a long time in the hands of Professor Taussig and of Professor Persons with whom Professor Taussig had consulted about it. Pressure of business prevented them from returning it sooner. As a consequence its completion was a good deal delayed. I have however been hurrying it forward of late as rapidly as possible and expect to have it ready about Christmas time. If you will give me an address to which to send it then, I shall get it off just as soon as possible.

Sincerely yours,
[Signed]
Frank D. Graham

Miss Dorothy Taylor
Secretary of the Division
of History, Government & Economics
Harvard University

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Instructions for thesis drop-off
[Carbon copy]

15 December 1919

My dear Mr. Graham:

Your thesis when completed should be sent to 24 University Hall, in care of Mr. G. W. Robinson, the Secretary of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. I shall then see that it is submitted to the committee at once.

Very truly yours,
[unsigned]
Secretary of the Division.

Mr. F. D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Members of thesis committee

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Division of History, Government, and Economics

Cambridge, Massachusetts

F. D. Graham
16 December 1919

Committee on Thesis

Professor Taussig or (Prof. Sprague)
Professors Persons and Day

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Dropping off copy of thesis
on Christmas day

25th December 1919

Mr. George W. Robinson
Harvard University

Dear Mr. Robinson:

This is my Ph.D. thesis with the required summary. I was passing through Cambridge today and brought it with me. Miss Dorothy Taylor wrote me that if I delivered it to you she would see that it got into the proper hands.

Sincerely yours,
[Signed]
Frank D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Passing completed thesis
around committee
[Carbon copy]

26 December 1919

Dear Taussig:

I find that the other members of Graham’s thesis committee are Professor Persons and Professor Day. If you could get it to either of these before you leave for Chicago, they could doubtless work on it next week. If that is not convenient for you, if you could get it either to Miss Ham or to my office we could see that it reaches the next member of the committee.

Truly yours,
[unsigned]

Professor F. W. Taussig

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Request for Graham’s preference for date of special examination
[Carbon copy]

14 January 1920

My dear Mr. Graham:

Dean Haskins would be glad to know whether you have any preference as to the date of your special examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. If you wish to come up for the degree at mid-years, the examination must be held not later than 7 February. Your thesis is still in the hands of the committee, but will probably be accepted.

Very truly yours,
[unsigned]
Secretary of the Division.

Mr. F. D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Graham Confirms Time and Place
of his Special Examination

Alumni House
New Brunswick N.J.
Jan 28th 1920

My dear Miss Taylor,

Your letter of the 14th inst. [“instant” = of the current month] is under my hand.

My preference as regards a date for my Doctor’s examination is for Wednesday, Febrary 4th, or Thursday, February 5th. If either of those dates is satisfactory to my examiner and to the committee I wish you would so inform me.

Sincerely yours,
[signed]
Frank D. Graham

Miss Dorothy Taylor
Secretary of the Division
of History, Government & Economics
Harvard University

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Committee Named for the General Exam
[Carbon copy]

[Note: T. N. Carver did not serve on the committee and J. S. Davis added later, see letter from the Secretary of the Division (January 31, 1920) below.]

21 January 1920

My dear Mr. Graham:

Dean Haskins is arranging your special examination for the doctorate for Wednesday, 4 February, at 4 P. M. The committee will consist of Professor Carver (Chairman), and Professors Persons, Day, and Sprague.

I will notify you as to the place later.

Sincerely Yours,
[unsigned]
Secretary of the Division.

Mr. F. D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Response Cards from
Examiners for Frank D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Day Requested to Replace Carver
As Chair of Exam Committee
[Carbon copy]

24 January 1920

My dear Mr. Day:

As Professor Carver is to be away at the time of Mr. Graham’s examination on 4 February, Dean Haskins would be glad if you would serve as Chairman of the committee.

Sincerely Yours,
[unsigned]
Secretary of the Division.

Professor E. E. Day.

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Time and Place for Special Exam
[Carbon copy]

26 January 1920

My dear Mr. Graham:

I am glad to be able to inform you that your thesis has been accepted. Your examination on 4 February will be held in Widener U at 4 P. M. Will you please acknowledge the receipt of this letter, in order that the Committee may know definitely that you will be present at the examination?

Sincerely Yours,
[unsigned]
Secretary of the Division.

Mr. F. D. Graham

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Graham Confirms Time and Place
of his Special Examination

Alumni House
New Brunswick N.J.
Jan 28th 1920

Dear Miss Taylor,

I have your letter of the 26th reporting the acceptance of my thesis and naming the date and place of my special examination

Sincerely,
[signed]
Frank D. Graham

Miss Dorothy Taylor
Sect’y of the Division
of History, Gov’t & Econ.
Harvard University

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Final Committee
for the Special Examination
[Carbon copy]

31 January 1920

My dear Mr. Day:

I enclose Mr. Graham’s application blank and a copy of his record in the Gradute School of Arts and Sciences for your use at his special examination on Wednesday, 4 February, at 4 P.M. The examination will be held in Widener U. The committee as it now stands consists of Professors Day (Chairman), Persons, Sprague, and Davis.
May I ask you to return the application with a written statement of the quality and result of the examination as soon as possible?

Sincerely yours
Secretary the Division.

Professor E. E. Day.

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Passed Special Exam

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Committee on Economic Research

Charles J. Bullock, Chairman
Charles F. Adams
Nicholas Biddle
Frederic H. Curtiss
Wallace B. Donham
Edwin F. Gay
Ogden L. Mills
Eugene V. R. Thayer

W. M. Persons, Statistician
E. E. Day, Consulting Statistician
F. Y. Presley, Business Manager

Wadsworth House
Cambridge, Massachusetts

February 4, 1920

Dean Charles H. Haskins,
Division of History, Government, and Economics,
University Hall,
Cambridge, Mass.

Dear Mr. Haskins,

I return herewith Frank Dunstone Graham’s record in candidacy for the degree of Ph.D. Graham passed his special examination in Widener U this afternoon. It was the unanimous opinion of the members of the committee present – Professor Sprague being absent – that Graham’s examination was disappointing; but there was no question about his having passed.

Sincerely yours,
[signed]
Edmund E. Day

EED A

*  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *

Memo asking for return of thesis
[Carbon copy]

9 February 1920

My dear Professor Davis:

Miss Ham tells me that you were good enough to offer to bring back Mr. Graham’s thesis, which was taken from University 24 last week for use at the examination. We should appreciate it if the thesis could be returned immediately, since it should be on hand in case any of the Faculty wish to examine it at the meeting on Thursday.

Sincerely yours,
[unsigned]
Secretary of the Division.

Professor J. S. Davis

_______________________

Ph.D. Dissertation

Frank Dunstone Graham’s 1920 Ph.D. thesis “The International Trade of the United States in the Greenback Period.” A condensed version was later published “International trade under depreciated paper, the United States, 1862-1879,” Quart. Journ. Econ., 1922, 36: 220-273.

_______________________

Image Source: Dartmouth College, The 1922 Aegis. Vol 64, p. 60.

Categories
Economists International Economics Princeton

Princeton. The Frank D. Graham Memorial Lecturers. 1950-2023

This post is reproduces a table found in the Princeton economics department’s website that lists 69 distinguished economists who were invited by its International Economics Section (formerly known as the International Finance Section) to give the annual Frank D. Graham Memorial Lecture from 1950/51 through 2022/2023. It is quite the who has been or still is who of international economics. Some later post will deal with the historical record of the International Economics Section. For now, one more artifact added to the collection.

____________________________

Frank D. Graham taught at Princeton from 1921 until 1949, and served as the second Walker Professor of Economics and International Finance from 1945 to 1949.  Professor Graham published widely on international trade and international monetary issues. He is perhaps best known for his 1923 paper, “Some Aspects of Protection Further Considered.”  Graham’s contributions to Princeton and to international economics are honored by the Frank D. Graham Memorial Lecture, which is delivered annually by an eminent international economist.

Frank D. Graham Memorial Lecturers
(1950-2023)

1950-1951 Milton Friedman
1951-1952 James E. Meade
1952-1953 Sir Dennis Robertson
1953-1954 Paul A. Samuelson
1955-1956 Gottfried Haberler
1956-1957 Ragnar Nurkse
1957-1958 Albert O. Hirschman
1959-1960 Robert Triffin
1960-1961 Jacob Viner
1961-1962 Don Patinkin
1962-1963 Friedrich A. Lutz
1963-1964 Tibor Scitovsky
1964-1965 Sir John Hicks
1965-1966 Robert A. Mundell
1966-1967 Jagdish N. Bhagwati
1967-1968 Arnold C. Harberger
1968-1969 Harry G. Johnson
1969-1970 Richard N. Cooper
1970-1971 W. Max Corden
1971-1972 Richard E. Caves
1972-1973 Paul A. Volcker
1973-1974 J. Marcus Fleming
1974-1975 Anne O. Krueger
1975-1976 Ronald W. Jones
1976-1977 Ronald I. McKinnon
1977-1978 Charles P. Kindleberger
1978-1979 Bertil Ohlin
1979-1980 Bela Balassa
1980-1981 Marina von Neumann Whitman
1981-1982 Robert E. Baldwin
1983-1984 Stephen Marris
1984-1985 Rudiger Dornbusch
1986-1987 Jacob A. Frenkel
1987-1988 Ronald Findlay
1988-1989 Elhanan Helpman
1988-1989 Michael Bruno
1989-1990 Michael L. Mussa
1990-1991 Toyoo Gyohten
1991-1992 Stanley Fischer
1992-1993 Paul Krugman
1993-1994 Edward E. Leamer
1994-1995 Jeffrey Sachs
1995-1996 Barry Eichengreen
1996-1997 Wilfred J. Ethier
1997-1998 Maurice Obstfeld
1998-1999 Jeffrey A. Frankel
1999-2000 T.N. Srinivasan
2000-2001 Lars Svensson
2001-2002 Jean Tirole
2002–2003 Joseph Stiglitz
2003–2004 Kenneth Rogoff
2004–2005 Guillermo Calvo
2005-2006 Alan Deardorff
2006-2007 Robert E. Lucas, Jr.
2007-2008 Jonathan Eaton
2008-2009 J. Peter Neary
2009-2010 Avinash K. Dixit
2010-2011 Ricardo Caballero
2011-2012 Anthony Venables
2012-2013 Olivier Blanchard
2013-2014 Robert C. Feenstra
2014-2015 Sir Mervyn King
2015-2016 Pascal Lamy
2016-2017 Jaume Ventura
2017-2018 Robert W. Staiger
2018-2019 Samuel Kortum
2020-2021 Andrew Atkeson
2021-2022 Pinelopi (Penny) Koujianou Goldberg
2022-2023 Hélène Rey

Source: Historical list of Graham lecturers posted at the website of the Princeton economics department’s International Economics Section (formerly the International Finance Section). From the copy at the Internet Archive WaybackMachine.

Categories
Princeton Suggested Reading Syllabus

Princeton. Reading assignments. Graduate International Trade. F.D. Graham and C.R. Whittelsey, 1930-34

 

For this post Economics in the Rear-view Mirror has transcribed the reading assignments for Princeton’s graduate course “International Trade Theory” for the academic years 1930-31 (F. D. Graham), 1931-32 (C. R. Whittlesey), and 1933-34 (F. D. Graham). The typed lists come from Frank W. Fetter’s papers at the Economists’ Papers Archive of Duke University and are found in a folder along with Fetter’s handwritten notes for the course in 1932-33 that was taught by Graham.

Frank W. Fetter and C. R. Whittlesey co-taught the companion course, Economics 526 “International Economic Policies” during the second semester of 1933-34.

____________________

Graduate Course in International Trade.
Assignments, 1930-31
F. D. Graham

Bastable: Theory of Foreign Trade.

Mun: Englands Treasure by Forraign Trade.
A. Smith: Book II, Ch. 5; Bk. IV, Chs. 1, 2, 3.

Ricardo: Chs. 17, 19, 22.
Mill: Chs. 17, 18, 19, 21.

Cairnes: Part III, 1, 2, 3, 5.
Graham: QJE 1924, Theory of International Values Reexamined

Marshall: Money, Credit and Commerce, Bk III.
Taussig: International Trade.

Graham: QJE, Some Aspects of Protection.
Knight: Criticism of Graham and reply, QJE.

Marshall: Appendix.
Pigou: Protective and Pref. Import Duties.
Dietzel: Retaliatory Duties, Omit Ch. III.

Angell: Theory of International Prices, to p. 199.

Patten: Economic Basis of Protection.
Angell: Theory of International Values, Continental Th. Hist.

Taussig: Readings in International Trade—Wagner, Schuller International Trade, chs. 11, 12, 13.
Viner: Dumping, first (theoret.) part
Graham: Review of Dumping.

Viner: Canada’s Balance of International Indebtedness (omit techni. Part)
Taussig: Int. Trade Under Deprec. Paper, QJE 1917
Graham: Do QJE 1922

Goschen: Foreign Exchange
Cassel: Money & Foreign Exchange. P.P.P. notion
Graham: Self-limiting and Self-inflammatory movements QJE 1929
Germany’s Capacity to Pay. AER June 1925

Pigou: Some Problems of Foreign Exchange, Econ. J. 1920.
League of Nations Papers: Brussels Fin. Conf., entitled “Exchange Control”

Graham: The Young Plan, Alumni Weekly
_______: Exchange, Prices, and Production (omit Part III)

 

Source: Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Economists’ Papers Archive. Frank Whitson Fetter Papers, Box 55, Folder “Teaching. Ec-International Trade Theory (Princeton University) Assignments, Syllabi, notes, 1930-1934”.

____________________

Graduate Course in International Trade.
Assignments, 1931-32
C. R. Whittlesey

Mun: England’s Treasure by Forraign Trade.
A. Smith: Wealth of Nations, Book II-5; Bk. IV-1, 2, 3.

Ricardo: Chs. 17, 19, 22.
Mill: Bk. III, chs. 17, 18, 19, 21.
Cairnes: Part III, chs. 1, 2, 3.

Nassau Senior: On the Cost of Obtaining Gold, 35 pp.
Bastable: Theory of Foreign Trade.

Taussig: International Trade.
Marshall: Money, Credit and Commerce, Bk III.

Graham: Theory of International Values Reexamined, Q.J.E., Nov. 1923.
C.R.W.: Foreign Investment & Terms of Interchange.
Williams, J.H.: The Theory of International Trade Reconsidered. Economic Journal, June 1929, pp. 195-209.

Whittlesey: Article on Stevenson Plan.
Patten: Economic Basis of Protection.
Graham: Some Aspects of Protection Further Considered. Q.J.E. Feb. 1923
Knight: Criticism. Q.J.E. August 1924.
Graham: Reply and Rejoinder. Feb. 1925
Broster, E.J. Proposal for a Scientific Tariff. Econ. Journ. June 1931, 313-16.

Wagner: Agrarian vs. Mfg. State in Taussig: Readings (ch. 13)
Brentano: Terrors of Industrial State in Taussig: Readings (ch. 15)
Dietzel: Retaliatory Duties (whole book)
Pigou: Protective and Preferential Duties.

Viner: Dumping. (Theoretical part) pp.
Graham: Review. June 1924, A.E.R., pp. 321-4

Keynes: Treatise on Money, last ch. Of Vol I
Taussig: Trade Under Depreciated Paper, Q.J.E., May 1917, pp. 380
Graham: Trade Under Depreciated Paper, Q.J.E., Feb. 1922, pp. 220-73
Zapoleon: International & Domestic Commodities and the Theory of Prices, Q.J.E. May 1931, pp. 409-59.
Viner: Canada’s Balance of International Indebtedness. Introduction and Part II.
Graham: Classical Economists and Theory of International Trade.

Viner: Canada’s Balance of International Indebtedness. Introduction and Part II.
Goschen: Foreign Exchange.
Graham: Hyper-Inflation, pp. 97-99; 113-49.
Cassel: Money and Foreign Exchange After 1914. pp. 137-202.
Graham: Germany’s Capacity to Pay and the Reparation Plan. A.E.R. June 1925.

N. Senior: On the Transmission of the Precious Metals.
Pigou: Some Problems of Foreign Exchange, Econ. Jour., Dec. 1920, pp. 460-72.
Thomas: Government Control of Foreign Exchange Abroad. Annalist, 11-27-31, pp. 869-71.
League of Nations: Exchange Control (Brussels Finance Conf.)
Baster, A.S., Jr.: A note on Australian Exchange. Econ. Jour., Sept. 1930, pp. 466-71.

Graham: Hyper-Inflation (all the rest)

Angell: Theory of International Prices.

Source: Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Economists’ Papers Archive. Frank Whitson Fetter Papers, Box 55, Folder “Teaching. Ec-International Trade Theory (Princeton University) Assignments, Syllabi, notes, 1930-1934”.

____________________

List of Readings in International Trade Theory.
1933-34
[F. D. Graham’s Course, Princeton]

Comparative Costs and International Values.

Mun: England’s Treasure by Foreign Trade.
Cantillon: Essai sur la nature In commerce in general
Smith: Wealth of Nations, Book II, ch. 5; Bk. IV, ch. 1, 2, 3.
Ricardo: Principles, chs. 17, 19, 22.
Mill: Principles, Bk. III, chs. 17-22.
Senior: Cost of Obtaining Money
Cairnes: P.E. Part III.
Bastable: International Trade.
Graham: Theory of Int. Values Reex., Q.J.E., 1923.
______: Theory of Int. Values, Q.J.E., 1932.
Ohlin, Interregional and Int. Trade.
Angell, J.W. Theory of Int. Values: Selections
Taussig, F.W. International Trade.
Viner, J. Doctrine of Comparative Costs, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, Oct. 1932
Marshall: Money, Credit and Commerce, Bk III and Appendices, F, G, N, J.
Edgeworth: Pure Theory of Int. Values in Papers.

Monetary Mechanism

Senior: Distribution of Precious Metals.
Cairnes: The Australian Episode
Taussig: Int. Trade under Deprec. Paper, Q.J.E. 1917
Graham: Int. Trade under Deprec. Paper—the U.S., Q.J.E. 1922
______: Exchange, Prices and Prod. Selections
______: The Fall in the Value of Silver, etc. J.P.E. 1931
Viner, J. Canada’s Balance of Payments.
Goschen: Foreign Exchange.
Angell, J.W. Theory of Int. Prices.

Protection

Patten: Economic Basis of Protection
Taussig: Readings in Int. Trade: Schüller, etc.
Dietzel: Retaliatory Duties
Pigou: Protective and Preferential Import Duties.
Copland & others:
Graham: Protective Tariffs
______: Some Aspects of Protection Further Consid. Q.J.E. 1922

Special Problems

Viner: Dumping
Wallace & Edminster: Int. Control of Raw Materials

Foreign Investment

Whittlesey: Foreign Investment and Terms of Trade.
Wilson: Capital Exports and the Terms of Trade.

Source: Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Economists’ Papers Archive. Frank Whitson Fetter Papers, Box 55, Folder “Teaching. Ec-International Trade Theory (Princeton University) Assignments, Syllabi, notes, 1930-1934”.

Image Sources: Princeton University yearbook Bric-A-Brac. Frank D. Graham (1942) and C. R. Whittlesey (1938).

Categories
Princeton Suggested Reading Syllabus

Princeton. Graduate Banking and Money Course Outlines. F.W. Fetter, 1931-32

 

 

Frank Albert Fetter‘s son, Frank Whitson Fetter, taught money and banking at Princeton. Material from his undergraduate course Economics 401 for 1933-34 has been posted earlier. Following a short obituary for Frank Whitson Fetter, I have transcribed the course outlines and readings for his Banking (first semester) and Money (second semester) courses. I have included a list of the reading assignments that come from Frank D. Graham’s money course of the previous year. It is interesting to note that a full half of Fetter’s second semester money course was devoted to the history of monetary economic theories and monetary history with only the last half devoted to monetary theory.

______________________________

Frank Whitson Fetter *26
By Princeton Alumni Weekly

FRANK WHITSON FETTER aged 92, distinguished economist, monetary authority, and professor, died July 7, 1991, in Hanover, N.H. Born in San Francisco, Prof. Fetter earned his bachelor’s degree from Swarthmore College in 1920. In 1922 he received a master’s degree from Princeton, followed in 1924 by a second master’s degree from Harvard, and then he received his doctoral degree in economics from Princeton in 1926. His teaching career spanned more than 40 years, interspersed with service to our government in Washington and to several other countries in Latin America. He taught economics as a professor or visiting lecturer at Princeton, Haverford College, Johns Hopkins, the Univ. of Wisconsin, Northwestern Univ., and Dartmouth College. In 1937 he was named a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellow. His most distinguished work, published in 1965, was entitled “Development of British Monetary Orthodoxy, 1797-1875.”

His first wife died in 1977. He married a second time in 1978, and his second wife also predeceased him, in 1985, Deep sympathy is extended to his daughter, two sons, and extended family of grandchildren, stepsons, and cousins.

The Graduate Alumni, Graduate Class of 1926

Source: Princeton Alumni Weekly. 

______________________________

ASSIGNMENTS IN BANKING 507

First Assignment, October 7, 1931.

Hoggson [, Noble Foster], Banking through the ages.
Martin [, Frederick], Stories of Banks and Bankers.
History of Banking in all the leading nations, Vol. II, pp. 1-29.

Second Assignment, October 14, 1931.

Andréades [, Andreas Michael. History of the Bank of England], pp. 1-186
Conant [, Charles A. A History of Modern Banks of Issue (5th ed.)], Chs. 4 and 5
Richards [, Richard D. The Early History of Banking in England], entire.

Third Assignment, October 21, 1931.

Individual reports on Banking History to 1914–
Germany, Canada, France, Scotland, Russia, England and U.S. Colonial only.

Fourth Assignment, October 28, 1931.

Individual reports (continued)
Reading for all –

White [, Horace. Money and Banking illustrated by American History, 5th edition], Book II, Chs. 1 and 2; Book III, Chs. 4, 5 and 16
Dunbar [, Charles F. The Theory and History of Banking, 3rd ed.], pp. 132-219
Conant, pp. 38-77, 138-166, 182-208, 386-412
Adam Smith, Book II, Ch. 3, “digression concerning banks of deposit.”

Fifth Assignment, November 4, 1931.

Bagehot [Walter. Lombard Street (Hartley Withers edition, 1920)], Chs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 12.
Powell [, Ellis T. The Evolution of the Money Market (1385-1915)], pp. 142-194, 243-321 and skim over pp. 322-410
Adam Smith, Book II, Ch. 2

Sixth Assignment, November 11, 1931.

Powell [, Ellis T. The Evolution of the Money Market (1385-1915)], pp. 411-705
Gregory, Vol. II, pp. 1-50

Seventh Assignment, November 18, 1931.

Banking in the U.S. up to 1860:

Miller, entire
Myers, Part I
Original documents (see bibliography)

Eight Assignment, November 25, 1931.

Finish Banking in U.S. to 1914

Myers, Part II and complete last week’s assignment
Notice to documents on Independent Treasury and its abolishment (see bibliography).

Ninth Assignment, December 2, 1931

State Banks, Trust Companies, Savings Banks and Investment Banks in the U.S.

Smith, Chs. 1-8 and 12-16
Barnett, Intro. and Chs. 1, 4, 5, 7 in Pt. I, and Ch. 2 in Pt. II.
White, Book III, Chs. 9-11, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19 and 20
Moulton, Chs. 13, 14, and 15 and 18
Galston, syndicate operations, pp. 1-36
Pujo Report, pp. 55-106.

Rolph reports on Tippetts

Tenth Assignment, December 9, 1931

The Federal Reserve System

Kemmerer, ABC entire
Kemmerer, S.V. study (Gresham reports)
Wall, Bankers Credit Manual (Hand reports)
Brandeis, Other People’s Money (Smith reports)
Rodky, Chs. 11, 12, 13 and App. D.
Willis and Edwards, Ch. 11
Dunbar, Ch. 3
Dewey & Shugrue, Ch. 9
Willis and Edwards, pp. 9-13, Chs. 2 and 3
Dewey & Shugrue, Chs. 3, 4, 6
(Last five on the subjects “the bank statement” and “credit economy”)
Also referred to White on the bank statement.

Eleventh Assignment, December 16, 1931

Deposits

Dewey & Shugrue, Ch. 11
Willis & Edwards, Chs. 7 and 13
Rodky, Ch. 3

Interbank Relationships

Watkins, Ch. 7
Dewey & Shugrue, Ch. 21
Willis & Edwards, Ch. 15

Financing Business

Moulton, Ch. 10
Willis & Edwards, Ch. 9
Dewey & Shugrue, Chs. 13 & 26
Federal Reserve Bulletin, 1921, pp. 920-6, 1052-7
Phillips, Chs. 1 & 2

Bank Administration

Willis & Edwards, Chs. 4-6,
Dewey & Shugrue, Chs. 7 and 8

Reports

Lin on Owens & Hardy
Rolph on Riefler
Hinkle on Hanson, Theories of the Business Cycle
Dzidjuziski on Snyder
Gresham on Haney
Huber on Pigou
Smith on Kuznets
Hand on Spahr (Clearings & Coll.)

Twelfth Assignment, January 6, 1932

Bank Credit and Prices:

Keynes, Treatise on Money, Chs. 2, 3, 18, 23, 24, 25 and 26
Munn, Bank Credit, Chs. 1, 2 and 3
Rodky, The Banking Process, Ch. 16
Phillips, Bank Credit, Chs. 3, 4, 5 and 7-12
Willis & Edwards, Chs. 28, 29 and 30
Federal Reserve Bulletin, 1930, pp. 400-5, 456-65, 519-26; 1931, pp. 160-6, 435-9, 121-4, 551-7, 495-8.
Study statistics in last Federal Reserve Bulletin.

Reports

Lin on Munn and Cr. and its management
Hand on Dowry, Monetary Banking Policies
Gresham on Einzig, International gold movements
Rolph on Edie, Cap. money market and gold
Hinkle on Edie, Money, Bank Credit and Prices
Huber on Burgess, Reserve Banks and Money Market
Dzidjusizki on Young, Ind. Cr.

Thirteenth Assignment, January 13, 1932

Branch, Chain and Group Banking
Bank Competition

Senate Hearings on Consolidation of National Banks, 1926, S. 1782 and HR 2, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Following pages—pp. 1-45, 53-102, 133-137, 143-160, 175-194 (important opposition), and pp. 204-211, 218-222, 227-236, 299-306, 328-29, 338-346, 354-59.
House Hearings on Branch, Chain and Group Banking, HR 141, 71st Cong., 2nd sess., 1930. Following pages: 3-40, 43-7, 88-90, 105-109, 113-18, 154-5, 203-4, 216-18, 226-32, 259-62, 268-71, 420-47, 450-60, 787-800, 808-13, 882-90, 919-24, 1037-47, 1169-73, 1404-15, 1535-67, 1569-79, 1665-88 and 1752-80. Last few particularly important in opposition.

Reports

Hand on Willitt, Sel. art.
Lin on Osterlenk, Br. Bk.
Rolph on Jamison, Mgt. of unit banks
Hilken on Starves, 60 yrs of br. bk. in Va.
Gresham on Lee, Pr. of Agr. Cr.
Huber on Lawrence, Bank Conc.
Dzidjuziski on Collins Rural Bank Reform
Austin, Leg. bk. wrecking
Smith on Cartinhour,
Hilken on Borgenson [sic, “Bergengren” is correct] cooperative banking.

Fourteenth Assignment, January 20, 1932

Gregory, Vol. II, pp. 307-91; Annual Report of the Federal Reserve Board for 1930, pp. 232-42, 252-7, 260-2, 269-72; Federal Reserve Bulletin, 1930, p. 519; Federal Reserve Bulletin, 1931, pp. 571, 374-8; Federal Reserve Bulletin, 1930, pp. 400-5, 456-64; Federal Reserve Bulletin, 1931, pp. 121-4, 160-6, 435-9, 495-8, 551-7.
Senate Hearings before the Committee on Banking and Currency on Brokers’ Loans, S. Res. 113, 70th Cong., 1st sess. (1928), pp. 2-41, 51-96.
Hearings of sub-committee of the Senate Committee on Banking and Currency on the Operation of the National and Federal Reserve Banking System, S. Res. 71, 71st Cong., 3rd Sess., Appendix, Pt. 6, Fed. Res. Questionnaire, pp. 701-727 and 748-840.
Report of the Committee on Bank Reserves of the Federal Reserve System, GPO, 1931, pp. 5-26.

Reports

Hubert, Beckhart, Disc. policy, and Spahr, Federal Reserve and control of credit.
Hilken, Einzig, Fight for financial supremacy.
Hand, Shaw, Central banks theory and Mlynarski, gold and central banks.
Rolph, Kisch and Elkin on centrol banks and Rogers, America weighs her gold.
Lin, on Burgess, Gov. Strong’s federal reserve policy, and Peel, Economic War.
Gresham, Peddie, dual system of stabilization and Reed, Federal Reserve Policy.
Dzidjuziski, Hirst, Wall St. and Lombard St.
also, as follows on Annual Reports of the Federal Reserve Board:

Huber, 1924, pp. 1-18
Hilken, 1925, pp. 1-24
Hand, 1926, pp. 1-18
Rolph, 1927, pp. 1-20
Lin, 1928, pp. 1-19
Gresham, 1929, pp. 1-10
Dzidjuziski, 1930, pp. 1-19
Smith, 1916-1923.

______________________________

Assignments in Graduate Course in Money, 1931.
(Given by Frank D. Graham).

  1. ✓Carlile, W.W.- The Evolution of Modern Money.
    ✓Nicholson, J. S.- Money and Monetary Problems [sic, “A Treatise on Money and Essays on Monetary Problems, 3d ed.], Part I to p. 161.
  2. ✓Hepburn, A.B.- History of Currency in The United States, Chapters 1-13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 28, 29.
  3. Fisher, Irving—Purchasing Power of Money, Whole book except Appen.
  4. ✓Anderson, B.M.- The Value of Money. First half.
  5. ✓Anderson, B.M.- The Value of Money. Finish book
  6. ✓Gregory, T.E.- Select Documents [Select Statutes, Documents, & Reports Relating to British Banking]. Book I-all; Book II, p. 307 to end.
  7. ✓Keynes- Treatise on Money. Vol. I
  8. ✓Keynes- Treatise on Money. Vol. II
  9. Foster and Catchings.- Profits.
  10. ✓Lawrence [, Joseph Stagg]- Stabilization of Money [sic, Stabilization of Prices: A Critical Study of the Various Plans Proposed for Stabilization (1928)”], in particular Ch. 20-27.
  11. ✓Hawtrey, R.G.- Currency and Credit. (New ed.) Pay particular attention to theory of business cycles.
  12. Mitchell, W.C.- Business Cycles. Do first half, theoretical and statistical part, but omit annals.

✓Indicates that are to be given in 1932.

______________________________

[Handwritten notes]
Graduate Course (Money)

Graham, with 12 meetings, gave only 1 to U.S. monetary history, 1 to evolution of money, 1 to English monetary history, and the remaining 9 to theory. Except for Carlile and Nicholson, all of theory is of past 25 yrs., and most of it of past 10 years.

Believe should be some modifications, along following lines:

  1. More U.S. monetary history, perhaps 3 or 4 weeks.
  2. Emphasis on Bullion controversy, spending 2 or 3 weeks.
  3. Historical development of Theory, tying it in with particular relations to monetary problems of the day.
    Bodin—Locke—Hume—Steuert—Smith.
  4. Present controversy over gold standard
  5. Bimetallism, and the silver issue.

In everything, give the men more history, and more in original sources.

______________________________

[Handwritten Notes]
Graduate Course in Money—1932.

Term Reports.

Men who have to turn in a paper, may elect to do so.

Short Term Reports

These are not to involve any reading outside of the regular assignments. They should trace certain ideas, and their developments, thru our regular reading. Each man should take 2 (ordinarily one, but class small this year).

Suggested topics:

  1. Development of views on causal influences and price changes [Helfen]
  2. Changing emphasis in monetary theory.
  3. Development of monetary theory, and its background of practical problems of monetary reform.
  4. Meaning of “quantity theory”
  5. Meaning of “fiat money”, or “fiat theory” of prices.
  6. Concept of velocity and its effect on prices.
    6a. Proportionality between money & prices. [Platz]
  7. Idea of stability of gold (or silver).
  8. Necessity for money to be based on something with commodity value (i.e., has a power in exchange outside of money use).

(Should run between 5+10 pp. Type—with carbon for me).

Special Reports.-

In some meetings, will have special reports, so as to cover more ground.
In particular will do this on Bullion Controversy, and U. S. Monetary History.

______________________________

ASSIGNMENTS IN ECONOMICS 508 (GRADUATE COURSE IN MONEY)
Princeton University—Second Semester—1931-32

February 10

A. E. Monroe, “Monetary Theory Before Adam Smith,” pp. 3-146.
W. W. Carlile, “The Evolution of Modern Money,” pp. 1-77, 120-137.

[February] 17

A. E. Monroe, “Early Economic Thought.”

Nicole Oresme, “On The First Inventions of Money,” pp. 79-102.
Jean Bodin, “Reply to the Pardoxes of Malestroit,” pp. 123-41.

John Locke, Works, Vol. II, “Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest and Raising the Value of Money,” pp. 3-55.

[February] 24

A. E. Monroe, “Early Economic Thought.”

David Hume, “Of the Balance of Trade,” pp. 323-38.
Richard Cantillon, “On the Nature of Commerce in General,” pp. 247-79.
David Hume, Works, “Of Money,” pp. 317-32.

Sir John Stewart, [sic, “James Steuart” is correct] “An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Economy,” Book II, Chaps. 26, 28, 29, Book III, Chs. 1-7.

March 2

Adam Smith (Cannan ed.)

Vol. I, Ch. 5 (pp. 32-48), “Of the Real and Nominal Price of Commodities,” pp. 177-216.
“Digression on Silver,” pp. 285-312.
“Banking,” Book IV, Ch. 1 (pp. 396-417) Mercantile System.
(This not a regular assignment, but recommended that men glance over it.)

J. H. Hollander, “The Development of the Theory of Money from Adam Smith to David Ricardo,” Q. J. E., Vol. 25, p. 439.

David Ricardo, “Three Letters on the Price of Gold”; “The High Price of Bullion,” pp. 1-66.

Reports on following:

By Platz: Lord King, “Thoughts on the Restriction,” pp. 1-86.
By Hilen: “An Inquiry into the Nature and Effects of Paper Money.”
By Rolph: Walter Boyd, “A Letter to Pitt,” pp. 1-80; Sir F. Baring, “Observations on the Publication of Walter Boyd.”

March 9

Charles Bosanquet, “Practical Observations on the Report of the Bullion Committee,” pp. 1-110.
David Ricardo, “Reply to Mr. Bosanquet’s Practical Observations on the Report of the Bullion Committee,” pp. 1-141.
J. W. Angell, “The Theory of International Prices,” pp. 40-71.

If not familiar with The Report of The Bullion Committee, glance thru it. The argument is essentially the same as found in Ricardo. It is available in convenient form in Edwin Cannan, “The Paper Pound.”

Reports by the following:

By Carter: N. J. Silberling, “Financial and Monetary Policy of Great Britain During the Napoleonic Wars,” Q.J.E., Vol. 25, Feb. and May, 1924, pp. 214-73, 397-439.
By Rolph: Jacob Viner, “Angell’s Theory of International Prices,” J.P.E., Oct., 1926, pp. 601-11 only.

March 16

Establishment of Gold Standard in England

English Monetary Debates and Legislation of 1717, Report of Paris Monetary Conference, pp. 315-16.
Sir Isaac Newton’s Report of 1717, Paris Conference, pp. 317-20.
Lord Liverpool, “A Treatise on the Coins of the Realm,” Chs. 1-5, 17-19, 29, 30.
English Monetary Law of 1816, Art. 1-4, 11-13, Paris Conf., pp. 373-77.

American Monetary History

Morris Report of 1782, Paris Conference, pp. 425-32.
Jefferson Report, Paris Conference, pp. 437-43.
Hamilton’s Report on a Mint, Paris Conference, pp. 454-84. (Hamilton’s Report may be found in his Works, and in a number of other places.)

March 23

Letter of William J. Crawford, Sec. of Treas., on Exportation of Coins of The United States. American State Papers, Finance, Vol. III, pp. 393-95. No. 549, 15th Cong., 2d Session.
Report of Lowndes Committee of 1819. American State Papers, Finance, Vol. III, pp. 398-401. No. 551, 15th Cong., 2d Session.
Report on Currency by Committee of House of Representatives, Feb. 2, 1821. Paris Conference, pp. 554-57.
Ingham Circular Letter on Relative Value of Gold and Silver. Paris Conference, pp. 602-29.
Gallatin’s Report on Relative Values of Gold and Silver. Paris Conference, pp. 589-97.
Report of Sec. of Treas., May 4, 1830. Paris Conference, pp. 558 and seq.
Report of Sanford Committee, Jan. 11, 1830. Senate Document 19, 21st Cong., 1st Session.
House Resolution of 1832. Paris Conference, p. 677.
Report of Director of Mint to House of Rep., 1832, Paris Conf., p. 678.
Report of White Committee, Feb. 19, 1834. House of Representatives, Report 278, 23d Congress, 1st Session.

April 6

D. K. Watson, “History of American Coinage,” Chs. 6, 7, 10, 11.
F. W. Taussig, “Silver Situation in The United States,” pp. 2-112.

April 13

W. H. Harvey, “Coin’s Financial School.”
Horace White, “Coin’s Financial Fool.”
(Glance thru these two books, but do not make a careful study of them.)
Willard Fisher, “Coin and his Critics, “ Q.J.E., Vol. 10, Jan. 1896, p. 187 and seq.
J. L. Laughlin, “Principles of Money,” (1903 ed.), pp. 281-419.
Scott, “Money and Banking,” pp. 50-6.

April 20

Irving Fisher, “The Purchasing Power of Money,” pp. 1-348.
Proceedings of 1910 Meeting of American Economic Association, “Causes of Recent Price Changes,” pp. 27-70. (Fisher’s discussion, pp. 37-45, may be passed over, as it is all in his Purchasing Power of Money.)

April 27

B. M. Anderson, “The Value of Money,” pp. 1-291.

May 4

B. M. Anderson, “The Value of Money,” pp. 292-591.

May 11

J. M. Keynes, “A Treatise on Money,” Vol. I.

May 18

J. M. Keynes, “A Treatise on Money,” Vol. II.

May 25

J. S. Lawrence, “The Stabilization of Prices,” Part III, pp. 187-473.

June 1

Reports on Foster and Catchings, “Profits;” Edie, “The Banks and Prosperity.”

 

Source: Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Library. Economists’ Papers Archive. Papers of Frank Whitson Fetter, Box 55, Folder “Teaching, Ec 507-508 Money (Princeton) 1931-32”.

Image Source: (ca. 1937) John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Categories
Economists Fields Harvard

Harvard. Economics Ph.D. candidates, fields, examiners, thesis committees, 1917-18

 

 

For eleven Harvard economics Ph.D. candidates this posting provides information about their respective academic backgrounds, the six subjects of their general examinations along with the names of the examiners, the subject of their special subject, thesis subject and advisor(s) (where available).

Note: 1916-17 list was not found in the collection.

________________________________________

 

DIVISION OF HISTORY, GOVERNMENT, AND ECONOMICS
EXAMINATIONS FOR THE DEGREE OF PH.D.
1917-18

Notice of hour and place will be sent out three days in advance of each examination.
The hour will ordinarily be 4 p.m.

Henry Bass Hall.

Special Examination in Economics, Thursday, January 10, 1918.
General Examination passed May 4, 1916.
Academic History: Harvard College, 1904-05; Amherst College, 1906-07; Massachusetts Agricultural College, 1911-12; Harvard Graduate School, 1913-17. S.B., Massachusetts Agricultural College, 1912; A.M., Harvard, 1916. Assistant in Economics, 1916—.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Money and Banking. 3. International Trade. 4. Economic History since 1750. 5. Agricultural Economics. 6. American History since 1789.
Special Subject: Agricultural Economics.
Committee: Professors Carver (chairman), Turner, Bullock, and Ford.
Thesis Subject: “A Description of Rural Life and Labor in Massachusetts at Four Periods.” (With Professors Carver and Gay).
Committee on Thesis: Professors Carver, Day, and Dr. Morison.

 

Hermann Franklin Arens.

Special Examination in Economics, Monday, April 29, 1918.
General Examination passed May 15, 1914.
Academic History: Harvard College, 1903-06; Episcopal Theological School, Cambridge, 1906-08; General Theological Seminary, New York, 1908-09; Harvard Graduate School, 1912-16. A.B., Harvard, 1907; A.M., ibid., 1913. Assistant in Economics, 1912-13; Assistant in Social Ethics, 1913-14; Assistant in Economics, 1914-15.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Sociology. 3. Socialism and Labor Problems. 4. Philosophy. 5. Agricultural Economics. 6. Money, Banking, and Commercial Crises.
Special Subject: Sociology.
Committee: Professors Carver (chairman), Day, Anderson, and Foerster.
Thesis Subject: “The Relation of the Group to the Individual in Political Theory.” (With Professor Anderson.)
Committee on Thesis: Professors Anderson, Carver, and Yeomans.

 

John Emmett Kirshman.

Special Examination in Economics, Friday, May 3, 1918.
General Examination passed May 12, 1916.
Academic History: Central Wesleyan College, 1901-04; Syracuse University, 1907-08; University of Wisconsin, 1908-09; University of Illinois, 1914-15; Harvard Graduate School, 1915—. Ph.B., Central Wesleyan, 1904; Ph.M., Syracuse, 1908. Assistant Professor of History, North Dakota Agricultural College, 1909-14; Teaching Fellow in Economics, University of Illinois, 1914-15; Instructor in Economics, Simmons College, 1916—.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Public Finance. 3. Economic History since 1750. 4. Comparative Modern Government. 5. Economics of Corporations. 6. Socialism and Social Reform.
Special Subject: Public Finance.
Committee: Professors Bullock (chairman), Day, Anderson, and Dr. Burbank.
Thesis Subject: “The Taxation of Banks and Trust Companies in New England.” (With Professor Bullock.)
Committee on Thesis: Professors Bullock, Sprague, and Day.

 

James Washington Bell.

Special Examination in Economics, Wednesday, May 15, 1918.
General Examination passed May 3, 1916.
Academic History: University of Colorado, 1908-14; Harvard Graduate School, 1914—. A.B., Colorado, 1912; A.M., ibid., 1913. Assistant in Economics, University of Colorado, 1912-14; Assistant in Government, Harvard, 1916-17; Tutor in the Division of History, Government, and Economics, 1916—; Austin Teaching Fellow in Government, 1917.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Economic History since 1750. 3. Public Finance. 4. Labor Problems. 5. Sociology. 6. Municipal Government.
Special Subject: Public Finance.
Committee: Professors Bullock (chairman), Ripley, Day, and Dr. Burbank.
Thesis Subject: “Taxation of Railroads in New England.” (With Professor Bullock.)
Committee on Thesis: Professors Bullock, Ripley, and Cunningham.

 

Marion O’Kellie McKay.

Special Examination in Economics, Friday, May 17, 1918.
General Examination passed May 13, 1915.
Academic History: Ohio Northern University, 1904-07; Ohio State University, 1908-10; Harvard Graduate School, 1911-12, 1913-16. S.B., Ohio Northern, 1907; A.B., Ohio State, 1910; A.M., Harvard, 1912. Assistant Professor of Economics, New Hampshire College, 1916—.
General Subjects: 1. Sociology. 2. Money, Banking, and Crises. 3. Economic Theory. 4. Public Finance. 5. Economic History since 1750. 6. Municipal Government.
Special Subject: Public Finance.
Committee: Professors Bullock (chairman), Carver, Day, and Dr. Burbank.
Thesis Subject: “The History of the Poll Tax in the New England and the Middle and South Atlantic States.”
Committee on Thesis: Professors Bullock, Turner, and Day.

 

Arthur Eli Monroe.

Special Examination in Economics, Monday, May 20, 1918.
General Examination passed October 13, 1915.
Academic History: Harvard College, 1904-08; Harvard Graduate School, 1913—.A.B., Harvard, 1908; A.M., ibid., 1914. Teacher of Latin and German, Kent School, Connecticut, 1909-13; Assistant in Economics, Harvard, 1914-Feb., 1916; Tutor in the Division of History, Government, and Economics, 1915—; Instructor in Economics, Williams College, Feb.-June, 1916; Instructor in Economics, Harvard, 1916—.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Economic History since 1750. 3. Public Finance. 4. Statistical Method and its Application. 5. History of Political Theory. 6. History of Economic Thought (1500-1776).
Special Subject: History of Economic Thought (1500-1776).
Committee: Professors Bullock (chairman), Carver, McIlwain, and Day.
Thesis Subject: “The Theory of Money Before 1776.” (With Professor Bullock.)
Committee on Thesis: Professors Bullock, Carver and Anderson.

 

Robert Herbert Loomis.

General Examination in Economics, Wednesday, May 22, 1918.
Committee: Professors Bullock (chairman), Ripley, Carver, Day, and Foerster.
Academic History: Clark College, 1908-11; Harvard Graduate School, 1914—. A.B., Clark, 1911. Teacher, Fay School, Southboro, 1912-14; Assistant in Social Ethics, 1915-16; Tutor in the Division of History, Government, and Economics, 1916-17.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Statistical Method and its Application. 3. Labor Problems. 4. Socialism and Social Reform. 5. Anthropology. 6. Economic History since 1750.
Special Subject: Economic History since 1750.
Thesis Subject: “Development of the Boot and Shoe industry in Massachusetts since 1875.” (With Professor Gay.)

 

Albert John Heettinger, Jr.

General Examination in Economics, Thursday, May 23, 1918.
Committee: Professors Ripley (chairman), Turner, Cole, Day, and Gras.
Academic History: Leland Stanford Jr. University, 1912-17; Harvard Graduate School, 1917—. A.B., Stanford, 1916; A.M., ibid., 1917. Assistant in Economics, Stanford University, 1915-17.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. American History since 1789. 3. Accounting. 4. Statistical Method and its Application. 5. Economic History since 1750. 6. Transportation.
Special Subject: Transportation.
Thesis Subject: “A Study of the Rock Island Railroad.” (With Professor Cunningham.)

 

Thomas Henry Sanders.

General Examination in Business Economics, Friday, May 24, 1918.
Committee: Professors Sprague (chairman), Bullock, Cole, Carver, and Mr. McCarty.
Academic History: University of Birmingham, England, 1902-05; Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration, 1917—. B.Com., Birmingham, 1905; M.Com., ibid., 1914. Instructor in Commercial Practices, Higher Commercial School, Yamaguchi, Japan, 1911-17.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory. 2. Economics of Agriculture. 3. Accounting. 4. Marketing. 5. Foreign Trade. 6. Money and Banking.
Special Subject: Money and Banking.
Thesis Subject: “Banking in Japan.” (With Professor Sprague.)

 

Hebert Knight Dennis.

Special Examination in Economics, Monday, May 27, 1918.
General Examination passed February 29, 1916.
Academic History: Allegheny College, 1907-08; Brown University, 1910-12; Princeton University, 1912-14; Harvard Graduate School, 1914-16.Ph.B., Brown, 1912; A.M., Princeton, 1914; A.M., Harvard, 1915. Assistant in Sociology, University of Illinois, 1916—.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Ethical Theory and its History. 3. Poor Relief. 4. Social Reforms. 5. Sociology. 6. Anthropology.
Special Subject: Social Psychology.
Committee: Professors Carver (chairman), Dearborn, Anderson, and Foerster.
Thesis Subject: “The French Canadians: A Study in Group-Traits, with Special Reference to the French Canadians of New England.” (With Professor Foerster.)
Committee on Thesis: Professors Foerster, Turner, and Ripley.

 

Frank Dunstone Graham.

General Examination in Economics, Monday, June 3, 1918.
Committee: Professors Bullock (chairman), Carver, Yeomans, Day, and Gras.
Academic History: Dalhousie University, 1906-07, 1910-13; Law School of Dalhousie University, 1913-15; Harvard Graduate School, 1915-17. A.B., Dalhousie, 1913; LL.B., ibid., 1915; A.M., Harvard, 1917. Tutor in the Classics, Dalhousie University, 1913-14; Assistant in Political Science, Rutgers College, 1917—.
General Subjects: 1. Economic Theory and its History. 2. Economic History since 1750. 3. Public Finance. 4. Sociology. 5. History of Political Theory. 6. International Trade and Tariff Policy.
Special Subject: International Trade and Tariff Policy.
Thesis Subject: Undetermined.

 

Source: Harvard University Archives. Harvard University, Examinations for the Ph.D. (HUC 7000.70), Folder “Examinations for the Ph.D., 1917-18”.

Image Source: Sever Hall, Harvard University (ca 1904). Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.

 

Categories
Economists M.I.T.

MIT. No Job Offer to Frank D. Graham, 1942

 

 

From the following copy of a letter written by MIT President Karl Taylor Compton in June 1942 to the distinguished professor of international finance at Princeton, Frank D. Graham (1890-1949), we see that MIT at least considered adding a prominent senior person to its economic department but in the end decided to stick with the strategy of hiring young economists of promise. Graham, a Frank Taussig student, earned his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1920.

In Memoriam: Frank Dunstone Graham 1890-1949, The American Economic Review, Vol. 40, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Sixty-second Annual Meeting of the American Economic Asociation (May, 1950), pp. 585-587.

 

____________________

 

Office of the President
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

COPY

June 23, 1942

Personal

Professor Frank D. Graham
Department of Economics and Social Institutions
Princeton University
Princeton, N.J.

Dear Frank:

I am returning the copy of the very fine testimonial to you from your recent group of graduate students, and was interested to receive your letter supplementing our conversation at the time of your visit.

So far as I can evaluate our situation in Economics, I do not believe that we would be justified or able to offer you a position which would be anywhere near appropriate to a person of your attainments and distinction. With the limitations of our resources it is generally agreed that our best procedure is to try to assemble a group of very promising younger men, giving them the best opportunities for professional development which we can offer and hoping to hold at least some of them permanently on the staff. This is the program which Professor Freeman has been following and I am decidedly enthusiastic about the younger group which he has in the department at the present time.

It is conceivable that some situation might develop which would require a reevaluation of our program. In fact, we have scheduled for early July a thorough study of our personnel situation in this department. It seems to me, however, that any change in the situation which would make it possible for us to offer you an appropriate position would be the result of some presently unexpected occurrence.

I am sorry that this reply is not more constructive because the possibility of your attachment to our staff is very intriguing to me, both on personal and on professional grounds. Professor Freeman and I are both glad to have had this possibility suggested to us, even though it seems remote, and I shall certainly let you know it there is any turn in the situation which might open up the possibility which we have discussed.

Very sincerely yours

President

KTC/L

 

Source: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries. MIT. Office of the President, 1930-1956. Records, 1930-1959. Box 93, Folder 7 “Freeman, R. E.”.

Image Source: Princeton Yearbook, The Bric-a-Brack 1942.

Categories
Chicago Economists

Chicago. Visiting Economics Professors, 1896-1943.

__________________________

On April 10, 1945, the chairman of the University of Chicago’s economics department, Professor Simeon E. Leland, submitted a 77 page (!) memorandum to President Robert M. Hutchins entitled “Postwar Plans of the Department of Economics–A Wide Variety of Observations and Suggestions All Intended To Be Helpful in Improving the State of the University”.

In his cover letter Leland wrote “…in the preparation of the memorandum, I learned much that was new about the past history of the Department. Some of this, incorporated in the memorandum, looks like filler stuck in, but I thought it ought to be included for historical reasons and to furnish some background for a few of the suggestions.” 

The memorandum deserves reproduction in its entirety sometime (and will probably be done by somebody else), but I intend to serve at least several blogpost-sized portions from Leland’s memo. So look forward for more tables/excerpts to come.

Today we have (1) a list compiled by Leland of visiting professors to the department of economics who had not been absorbed into the faculty as of 1945 (e.g. George Stigler was still at Minnesota at the time of the memo was written. Later posts include (2) data on economics faculty 1944/45 and the trend of enrolments and (3) talent-scouting lists for possible permanent, visiting and joint appointments.

__________________________

 

List of visiting professors
(excluding faculty members who frequently were visitors before joining the University)

[An asterisk (*) for deceased colleagues]

Visiting Professor

 Year Institution

Present Location
G. W. S. Adams

1902
Henry C. Adams*

1902

 Michigan
Clarence E. Ayers

1923

 Amherst

Texas
Stephan Bauer

1899

 Chamber of Commerce, Brünn, Austria
Spurgeon Bell

1920

 Texas

National Resources Planning Board
E. L. Bogart

1910

 Princeton

Illinois (Emeritus)
Arthur J. Boynton*

1914

 Kansas
Harry G. Brown

1917

 Missouri

Missouri
J. B. Canning

1924

 Stanford

Stanford
T. N. Carver

1908

 Harvard

Harvard (Emeritus)
Paul T. Cherington

1914

 Harvard

McKinsey & Co., Management Consultants, 60 East 42nd St., N.Y.C.
F. E. Clark

1921

 Northwestern

Northwestern
F. R. Clow*

1904

 State Normal, Oshkosh, Wisconsin
J. B. Condliffe

1941

 California

California
Frederick E. Croxton

1926

 Ohio State

Columbia
E. E. Day

1910

 Harvard

Cornell
F. S. Deibler

1917

 Northwestern

Northwestern (Emeritus)
J. C. Duncan

1913

 Illinois
J. F. Ebersole

1914

 Minnesota

Harvard
Donald English

1916

 Cornell

Cornell
Frank A. Fetter

1926

 Princeton

Princeton (Emeritus)
Martin G. Glaeser

1930

 Wisconsin

Wisconsin
John Paul Good

1899

 Eastern Ill. State Normal, Charleston
Frank D. Graham

1930

 Princeton

Princeton
Waldo E. Grimes

1939

 Kansas State College

Kansas State College
Lawrence H. Grinstead

1926

 Ohio State
Walton H. Hamilton

1917

 Amherst

Yale
Matthew B. Hammond*

1921

 Ohio State
Max S. Handman*

1928

 Texas
Lewis H. Haney

1914

 Texas

New York
Charles O. Hardy

1923
1925)
1929)
1933)

 State Univ. of Iowa

Brookings Institution

Federal Reserve Bank, Kansas City, Missouri
Ernest L. Harris

1904
Grover G. Heubner

1926

 Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania
Jens P. Jensen*

1920)
1930)

 Kansas
Alvin S. Johnson

1909

 Texas

New School for Social Research
Eliot Jones

1925

 Stanford

Stanford
Albert S. Keister

1926)
1927)

 North Carolina Woman’s College

North Carolina Woman’s College
William S. Krebs

1921

 Washington University

Washington University
Robert R. Kuczynski

1923

 Statistical Office, Berlin

12 Lawn Rd., London, N.W. 3, England
Ben W. Lewis

1931)
1937)

 Oberlin

Oberlin
H. L. Lutz

1915

 Oberlin

Princeton
Leverett S. Lyon

1926)
1927

 Brookings Institution

Chicago Association of Commerce
James D. Magee

1916

 Cincinnati

New York
T. W. Mitchell

1911

 Minnesota
Bernard Moses*

1898

 California
Edwin G. Nourse

1931

 Brookings Institution

Brookings Institution
T. W. Page*

1898

 Randolph-Macon
Maffeo Pantaleoni*

1896

 Naples
C. A. Phillips

1931

 State Univ. of Iowa

State Univ. of Iowa
H. H. Preston

1924

 Univ. of Washington

Univ. of Washington
Benjamin M. Rastall

1910

 Wisconsin
H. L. Reed

1923

 Washington University

Cornell
R. R. Renne

1940

 Montana State

Montana State
Edward V. Robinson*

1908

 Minnesota
Clyde O. Ruggles

1916)
1920)

 Ohio State

Harvard
William J. Shultz

1926

 College of the City of New York

College of the City of New York
Guy E. Snider

1915

 College of the City of New York

College of the City of New York
A. E. Staley

1941

 Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy

School of Advanced International Studies, Washington, D.C.
George J. Stigler

1943

 Minnesota

Minnesota
Walter W. Stewart

1915

 Missouri

Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J.
R. H. Tawney

1939

 London

London
George O. Virtue*

1915

 Nebraska
Norman J. Ware

1942

 Wesleyan

Wesleyan
G. S. Wehrwein*

1940

 Wisconsin
Louis Weld

1916

 Yale

McCann-Erikson Co., New York
Albert C. Whitaker

1912)
1913)

 Stanford

Stanford (Emeritus)
Nathaniel R. Whitney

1921

 Cincinnati

Proctor and Gamble, Cincinnati
Murray S. Wildman*

1909

 Missouri
John H. Williams

1921

 Northwestern

Harvard
Milburn L. Wilson

1923

 Montana

Chief, Nutrition Programs Branch, Office of Distribution, War Food Administration
Ambrose P. Winston

1913

 Pekin
A. B. Wolfe

1915

 Texas

Ohio State
Holbrook Working

1928

 Stanford

Stanford
Bruce Wyman*

1903

 Harvard
Allyn A. Young*

1912

 Washington University
Ernest C. Young

1939

 Purdue

Purdue

Source: University of Chicago Library, Department of Special Collections. Office of the President. Hutchins Administration Records. Box 73, Folder “Economics Dept., “Post-War Plans” Simeon E. Leland, 1945″.

Image Source: Detail of Simeon E. Leland photograph. University of Chicago Photographic Archive, apf1-03717, Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library.